At the same time, the Fusaka upgrade will also reduce transaction costs by expanding blob capacity in stages:
December 17, 2025: Capacity increased from ~6/9 to ~10/15;
January 7, 2026: Further increased to ~14/21.
For the second-layer network, this means that more data can be stored at a lower cost, and transaction fees for users on the Rollup network will be significantly reduced.
To ensure the smooth progress of the upgrade, the Ethereum Foundation has launched a $2 million bug bounty program to encourage security teams and community developers to identify potential issues and ensure the stability and security of the system.
Before the mainnet upgrade, Fusaka will conduct drills on three major testnets:
October 1: Holesky testnet
October 14: Sepolia testnet
October 2 December 28: Hoodi testnet
December 3: Mainnet upgrade
December 17 & January 7, 2026: BPO hard fork, capacity expansion takes effect
The significance of the Fusaka upgrade to the Ethereum ecosystem is not limited to the technical level, but will also bring about changes in many aspects:
Transaction costs will be further reduced: The Rollup ecosystem will benefit the most, and the user experience of second-layer networks such as Arbitrum, Optimism, and Base will be improved. Lowered threshold for node operation: PeerDAS reduces the hardware burden, allowing more users to run nodes and enhancing the security and decentralization of the network. Application and developer opportunities: Lower data costs and higher network efficiency provide space for complex designs of applications such as DeFi, NFT, and GameFi, while also driving data service providers and block explorers to upgrade their infrastructure. Potential Price Impact
Beyond the positives regarding technology and ecosystem, the market is more concerned about ETH's price trend. As of press time, ETH is fluctuating between $4,300 and $4,500, placing it in a critical observation period. From a technical perspective, analyst Ali stated that $4,250 (the intersection of the 20-day and 50-day moving averages) is a key support level. If it holds, it could reach $4,700–$4,800. If it fails, it could fall to $4,000–$3,700. The RSI remains in neutral territory, and the MACD indicates insufficient momentum. A short-term breakout would require escalating expectations or external funding. Furthermore, approximately 36.15 million ETH is currently staked, representing 30% of the total supply, providing a buffer against downside risks. However, with the exit queue exceeding $12 billion at one point, coupled with large-scale whale selling, short-term selling pressure is likely. Meanwhile, Ethereum's NVT metric remains at a historical low, with active addresses increasing by 80% year-over-year, suggesting long-term undervaluation. On the bright side, institutional demand for ETH continues to strengthen. In September 2025 alone, Ethereum-related ETFs attracted over $1.4 billion in inflows, far exceeding Bitcoin ETFs during the same period. Corporate treasuries are also continuing to increase their holdings, adding approximately 878,000 ETH to their reserves over the past month, reducing the market's circulating supply. Overall, the Fusaka upgrade is a long-term positive, but short-term price fluctuations are still possible due to whale selling, exits from staking, and testing results. The gains and losses around $4,250 will be a key focus.
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